AP English Language and Composition Exam Key Terms

AP English Language and Composition Exam Key Terms On this page, youll discover brief meanings of syntactic, abstract, and logical terms that have showed up on the numerous decision and exposition parts of the AP* English Language and Composition test. For models and progressively point by point clarifications of the terms, follow the connections to extended articles. *AP is an enrolled trademark of the College Board, which neither patrons nor supports this glossary. Promotion Hominem: An contention dependent on the failings of an enemy as opposed to on the benefits of the case; a consistent paradox that includes an individual attack.Adjective: The grammatical form (or word class) that adjusts a thing or a pronoun.Adverb: The grammatical feature (or word class) that changes an action word, descriptive word, or another adverb.Allegory: Extending a similitude so articles, people, and activities in a book are likened with implications that lie outside the text.Alliteration: The reiteration of an underlying consonant sound.Allusion: A brief, normally backhanded reference to an individual, spot, or occasion genuine or fictional.Ambiguity: The nearness of at least two potential implications in any passage.Analogy: Reasoning or contending from equal cases.Anaphora: The redundancy of a similar word or expression toward the start of progressive provisos or verses.Antecedent: The thing or thing phrase alluded to by a pronoun.Antithesis:  The juxtaposition of differentiating thoughts in adjusted phrases.Aphorism: (1) A briskly stated proclamation of a reality or sentiment. (2) A concise proclamation of a standard. Apostrophe: A expository term for severing talk to address some missing individual or thing.Appeal to Authority: A misrepresentation in which a speaker or essayist tries to convince not by giving proof yet by engaging the regard individuals have for a celebrated individual or institution.Appeal to Ignorance: A error that utilizes a rivals powerlessness to invalidate an end as verification of the ends correctness.Argument: A course of thinking planned for exhibiting truth or falsehood.Assonance: The personality or closeness in sound between interior vowels in neighboring words.Asyndeton: The exclusion of conjunctions between words, expressions, or statements (inverse of polysyndeton).Character: An individual (generally an individual) in an account (normally a work of fiction or innovative nonfiction).Chiasmus: A verbal example in which the second 50% of an articulation is adjusted against the first however with the parts reversed.Circular Argument: An contention that submits the sensible deception of accepting what it is endeavoring to demonstrate. Claim: An questionable articulation, which might be a case of reality, worth, or policy.Clause: A gathering of words that contains a subject and a predicate.Climax: Mounting by degrees through words or sentences of expanding weight and in equal development with an accentuation on the high point or summit of a progression of events.Colloquial: Characteristic of composing that looks for the impact of casual communicated in language as particular from formal or abstract English.Comparison: A expository methodology in which an author analyzes likenesses and additionally contrasts between two individuals, spots, thoughts, or objects.Complement: A word or word bunch that finishes the predicate in a sentence.Concession: An contentious procedure by which a speaker or essayist recognizes the legitimacy of a rivals point.Confirmation: The primary piece of a book in which sensible contentions on the side of a position are elaborated.Conjunction: The grammatical form (or word c lass) that serves to interface words, expressions, provisos, or sentences.Connotation: The passionate ramifications and affiliations that a word may convey. Coordination: The syntactic association of at least two plans to give them equivalent accentuation and significance. Stand out from subordination.Deduction: A technique for thinking in which an end follows essentially from the expressed premises.Denotation: The direct or word reference importance of a word, rather than its metaphorical or related meanings.Dialect: A provincial or social assortment of a language recognized by elocution, sentence structure, and additionally vocabulary.Diction: (1) The decision and utilization of words in discourse or composing. (2) A method of speakingâ usually surveyed regarding winning measures of articulation and elocution.Didactic: Intended or slanted to educate or train, regularly excessively.Encomium: A tribute or commendation in exposition or section extolling individuals, items, thoughts, or events.Epiphora: The reiteration of a word or expression toward the finish of a few provisos. (Otherwise called epistrophe.)Epitaph: (1) A short engraving in composition or refrain on a headstone or landmark. (2) An announcement or discourse recognizing somebody who has kicked the bucket: a burial service address. Ethos: A powerful intrigue dependent on the anticipated character of the speaker or narrator.Eulogy: A formal articulation of recognition for somebody who has as of late died.Euphemism: The replacement of a tame term for one considered unpleasantly explicit.Exposition: A proclamation or sort of arrangement planned to give data about (or a clarification of) an issue, subject, strategy, or idea.Extended Metaphor: A examination between two dissimilar to things that proceeds all through a progression of sentences in a section or lines in a poem.Fallacy: An blunder in thinking that renders a contention invalid.False Dilemma: A false notion of misrepresentation that offers a predetermined number of choices (generally two) when, truth be told, more alternatives are available.Figurative Language: Language in which interesting expressions, (for example, similitudes, likenesses, and overstatement) openly occur.Figures of Speech: The different employments of language that leav e from standard development, request, or significance.Flashback: A move in an account to a previous occasion that interferes with the ordinary sequential improvement of a story. Genre: A class of masterful organization, as in film or writing, set apart by an unmistakable style, structure, or content.Hasty Generalization: A misrepresentation in which an end isn't legitimately defended by adequate or impartial evidence.Hyperbole: A saying in which distortion is utilized for accentuation or impact; an extreme statement.Imagery: Vivid enlightening language that interests to at least one of the senses.Induction: A strategy for thinking by which a rhetor gathers various occurrences and structures a speculation that is intended to apply to all instances.Invective: Denunciatory or harsh language;â discourseâ that throws fault on someone or something.Irony: The utilization of words to pass on something contrary to their exacting importance. An announcement or circumstance where the significance is straightforwardly repudiated by the appearance or introduction of the idea.Isocolon: A progression of expressions of around equivalent length and comparin g structure.Jargon: The particular language of an expert, word related, or other gathering, regularly insignificant to pariahs. Litotes: A saying comprising of a modest representation of the truth where a confirmed is communicated by nullifying its opposite.Loose Sentence: A sentence structure in which a fundamental statement is trailed by subordinate expressions and provisos. Difference with periodic sentence.Metaphor: A saying in which a suggested examination is made betweenâ twoâ unlike things that really have something significant in common.Metonymy: A metaphor in which single word or expression is fill in for another with which it is firmly related, (for example, crown for royalty).Mode of Discourse: The manner by which data is introduced in a book. The four customary modes are portrayal, depiction, article, and argument.Mood: (1) The nature of an action word that passes on the journalists mentality toward a subject. (2) The feeling evoked by a text.Narrative: A explanatory system that describes a grouping of occasions, normally in sequential order.Noun: The grammatical form (or wor d class) that is utilized to name an individual, place, thing, quality, or activity. Onomatopoeia: The development or utilization of words that impersonate the sounds related with the items or activities they allude to.Oxymoron: A hyperbole in which incoherent or conflicting terms seem side by side.Paradox: A proclamation that seems to negate itself.Parallelism: The comparability of structure in a couple or arrangement of related words, expressions, or clauses.Parody: A scholarly or imaginative work that emulates the trademark style of a writer or a work for comic impact or ridicule.Pathos: The methods for influence that interests to the crowds emotions.Periodic Sentence: A long and as often as possible included sentence, set apart by suspended linguistic structure, in which the sense isn't finished until the last wordusually with a vehement climax.Personification: A saying in which a lifeless thing or deliberation is blessed with human characteristics or abilities.Point of View: The point of view from which a speaker or essayist recounts to a story or presents information.Predicate: One of the two fundamental pieces of a sentence or proviso, changing the subject and including the action word, articles, or expressions administered by the action word. Pronoun: A word (a grammatical form or word class) that replaces a noun.Prose: Ordinary composing (both fiction and true to life) as recognized from verse.Refutation: The part of a contention wherein a speaker or essayist envisions and counters contradicting purposes of view.Repetition: An example of utilizing a word, expression, or statement more than once in a short passagedwelling on a point.Rhetoric: The study and practice of compelling communication.Rhetorical Question: A question approached just for impact with no answer expected.Running Style: Sentence style that seems to follow the psyche as it stresses an issue through, mirroring the meandering aimlessly, acquainted sentence structure of discussion the oppo